Dari Teodisi dan Antropodisi Menuju Teo-antropodisi: Mengasihi Allah dan Sesama di Tengah Pandemi COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36421/veritas.v19i2.372Kata Kunci:
Teodisi, Antropodisi, Teodisi Etis, Teo-antropodisi, Leibniz, Sontag, Levinas, COVID-19, PenderitaanAbstrak
Dunia sedang berhadapan dengan pandemi COVID-19 yang menyebabkan penderitaan di beberapa aspek kehidupan manusia seperti kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi, psikologis, hingga religius. Polemik ini menghantar kita pada diskusi seputar teodisi. Teodisi merupakan paradigma yang digunakan Leibniz untuk membela kemahabaikan dan kemahakuasaan Allah di hadapan realitas penderitaan, tetapi teodisi cenderung berhenti pada ranah teori tanpa praktik. Sontag mengusung paradigma antropodisi dalam wujud solidaritas sosial yang mengedepankan praktik untuk mengkritik teodisi yang terlampau abstrak dalam membela Allah tanpa mempedulikan penderitaan manusia. Antropodisi tampaknya terlalu sosialis dan cenderung berpegang pada kemampuan manusia, sehingga mengeksklusi aspek religius dalam solidaritas sosial. Levinas merespons kegelisahan ini dengan mengusung teodisi etis. Paradigma teodisi etis digunakan Levinas untuk memperlihatkan kehadiran Allah melalui manusia yang bertanggung jawab terhadap penderitaan sesamanya. Artikel ini mengusulkan nama, pemaknaan, dan pengembangan baru terhadap teodisi etis, yaitu teo-antropodisi, sebagai paradigma yang merangkul teodisi sekaligus antropodisi. Teo-antropodisi mengorelasikan teori dan praktik tersebut sama seperti iman (teodisi), tanpa perbuatan (antropodisi) adalah mati. Teo-antropodisi berfondasikan prinsip “mengasihi Allah dengan segenap hati, jiwa dan akal budi” serta “mengasihi sesama manusia seperti diri sendiri.”
Unduhan
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